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philosophy

The Mystery of Aristotle’s Countless Lost Works

Few names of ancient Greece shine as much as those of Aristotle. This ancient Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and tutor of Alexander the Great, left a timeless, profound, and indelible mark on virtually every field of knowledge...

Was Plato’s Republic a Utopian Vision or a Dystopian Nightmare?

The philosophical dialogue, The Republic, was written by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato around 375 BCE. It describes his vision of an ideal and just society that would be ruled by philosopher-kings. Over two thousand years later, this work on...

Was Ancient Greek Knowledge Preserved by the Byzantines or by the Arabs?

A common thesis is that many ancient Greek texts may have been lost if it were not for the preservation efforts of Islamic scholars, and, while that may be true to an extent, it is ultimately the Byzantine Empire...

Love Like an Ancient Greek: The Six Types of Love

What is love? Surely there is no single answer to this question, and this is why the Ancient Greeks had six different words to describe love. Knowing these can change your life. By Roman Krznaric Looking for an antidote to modern...

When Ancient Greeks and Hindus Exchanged Wisdom

"East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet, Till Earth and Sky stand presently at God's great Judgment Seat,” wrote Sir Rudyard Kipling. However, the truth is that long before Sir Kipling wrote this,...

Marcus Aurelius, the Roman Emperor Who Embraced Greek Philosophy

The Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius ruled over the classical world's most powerful empire. In addition to his achievements as a ruler, military strategist, and administrator, Marcus Aurelius is admired to this day for his grasp of Greek philosophy, particularly...

Was the Ancient Greek Philosopher Socrates a Real Person?

Socrates is commonly cited as the most influential of ancient Greek thinkers and is arguably a significant founder of Western philosophy, but why do accounts written about him by his contemporaries vary so much? The first unusual thing about Socrates...

The Strange Paradoxes and Puzzles of Zeno of Elea

Many ancient Greek philosophers dreamed up paradoxes and puzzles to prove their worldviews and theories, but one ancient thinker stands out above the rest. That would be Zeno. Zeno of Elea, a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and student of Parmenides, was...